关键词： 都市民俗   上海   文学书写   女性作家  

摘要： 都市民俗是在都市环境中蕴育形成的物质民俗、社会民俗、精神民俗及语言民俗等。在20世纪华洋杂处的上海,都市民俗形成了其特有的兼容并蓄的特点。对上海都市民俗的文学书写经历了20世纪30年代新感觉派的“异质民俗”书写、40年代新市民作家的“日常民俗”书写,以及80、90年代当代作家的“民俗寻根”书写等阶段,从而建构起了一条跨越时空的都市民俗文学书写的独特的风景线。都市民俗的文学创作承传也积淀着作家个人的文化情结与国家民族的文化记忆,具有文学史的意义与价值。

关键词： 1990   年代   上海文学   都市性  

摘要： 文学的都市性是一个充满争议的话题。1990年代以来的上海是一个由诸多不同维度的文化形态聚合而成的综合体,它在时间上和空间上表现出丰富的差异面,刷新了人们对抽象的同质化城市概念的理解,是1990年代以来上海文学都市性发生的物质基础。本文通过对1990年代以来上海的文学版图进行重绘,梳理各个文学潮流或写作样式发生的时代背景和相互间的内在关系,表现上海文学独特的都市性特征。

关键词： 薛忆沩   现代人   都市书写   精神处境  

摘要： 西方文学中的现代主义与都市有密切的内在关联,并代表着审美现代性对社会现代性的反思和超越,这一性质决定了其在中国新文学中的表征始终缺乏内生性。在此文学史背景下的薛忆沩的都市书写,将叙事焦点对准都市现代人普遍化的精神处境,经由大胆的叙事探索,使内在化的都市体验显现,进而勾勒出现代人的“共同身份”。都市体验和现代主义在其笔下实现了内容和形式的统一,从而也使立于都市反思都市的现代主义不再停留于外来观念的隔空演练,而成为可供确认的“客观事实”。

关键词： 都市文学   农民进城   叙事  

摘要： 由于中国城市化进程以及作家对现实的不同认识等诸多因素,中国都市文学的轮廓依然模糊不清。正如那些背负着坎坷与代价的“进城”故事以及不时流露的乡土情结,中国所承载的历史与所在的现实让中国都市文学不可能也没必要避开那个深厚的乡村背景。从这个角度来讲,只有文学使人的精神世界与都市、都市文明、都市气质以及都市审美发生切实的关联,中国都市文学才能真正建立起属于自己的精神内核。

关键词： 城市想象   空间叙事   上海书写   上海折叠   阶层隔阂  

摘要： 五四以来,虽然乡土文学更占主流,但城市书写、城市文学一直不容忽视。近年“城市文学”或文学“城市想象”研究似乎成为新的学术研究热点问题。中国现代时期以来,与上海有关的城市想象和城市文学书写一直绵延不绝。严歌苓的长篇小说《上海舞男》是关于上海城市文学想象的代表作。这部小说的城市空间叙事特征明显,不同时段的两段上海情感故事彼此嵌套绾合形成小说繁富的叙事结构;而且承继和发展了由王安忆《长恨歌》以来的“上海书写”,更强调城市生活的日常性、消费性和私性等方面。虽非底层写作,小说却打开了一个“折叠”的上海。这些都给上海的城市想象和文学想象带来重要启示意义。

关键词： 创意写作   城市文学   游戏写作   赛博空间  

摘要： 以"复旦经验"为例,"创意写作"学科建设的既有成果存在着理论缺失与跨界隔膜的问题。中国"创意写作"专业在散文、戏剧方面的发展并不充分,存在着学科交流滞后的问题。"创意写作"的诞生具有城市文学的特征,这有希望拓宽当代文学学科的理论边界。复旦大学在"创意写作"与"游戏写作"的合作探索中取得了一定成果,在赛博文化的当代语境下,"创意写作"学科的理论交互与实践创新成果具有前瞻产业发展的可能性。

关键词： Hydrological longitudinal connectivity   Urbanization   Spatial response   Yangtze River Delta  

摘要： The variations of hydrological longitudinal connectivity are influenced by natural factors and human activities in the delta plain where many sluices are distributed in. Measuring the longitudinal connectivity changed by human controls (i.e. sluices) is still an open question. Besides, the spatial relationship between the longitudinal connectivity and urbanization is not clear. To this end, a reasonable indicator (Sluice Longitudinal Connectivity Index, SLCI), composed of sluice passage probability, passage efficiency, and cumulative effects of sluices, is proposed to detect the changes in the longitudinal connectivity in the flood and non-flood seasons. Based on this indicator, we took the Wu-Cheng-Xi-Yu region (WCXY) in China as a study region and detected the spatial impacts of the urbanization indices on the longitudinal connectivity by the geographically weighted regression. It is found that the average longitudinal connectivity in the non-flood season is 32% larger than that in the flood season in the WCXY region. The spatial distribution of the non-flood SLCI (values 0.6) is 26% larger than that of the flood SLCI. Spatially, the longitudinal connectivity is low (SLCI < 0.2) along the river and around the city where the sluices are distributed in. The longitudinal connectivity of the highly urbanized regions is lower than that of the lowly urbanized regions. Meanwhile, the relative effects of urbanization indices on the longitudinal connectivity can be sorted as follows: Landscape (69%) > Population (51%) > Economy (48%) in the nonflood season, and Population (88%) > Economy (63%) in the flood season.

关键词： Particulate organic matter   Urbanization   Carbon   Nitrogen   Isotope  

摘要： The deltaic and coastal region is an important area for transportation, production and transformation of organic matter (OM). However, the high degree of urbanization and seasonal variability of runoff in this region significantly impact source apportionments and biogeochemical processes of the OM. In this study, stable isotopes of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in both suspended particulate matter (SPM) and sedimentary organic matter (SOM) were measured in the highly urbanized Pearl River Delta (PRD), China. The results revealed that source apportionments exhibited spatial variations due to different degrees of urbanization and seasonal variations due to seasonal changes in runoff. High urbanization could increase the contribution of sewage-derived OM in the SPM and decrease the proportion of soil OM in the SOM. Increased precipitation and runoff during wet season could result in a greater contribution of sewage-derived OM (55%), and decreased runoff during the dry season resulted in an increased proportion of phytoplankton (51%) in the SPM. Urbanization and runoff also affected C and N transformation processes of OM. An increased volume of sewage discharge due to urbanization provided nutrients for phytoplankton growth, promoting photosynthesis and assimilation processes. Increased light intensity due to decreased precipitation and runoff during the dry season could facilitate photosynthesis by phytoplankton. This study suggested that OM could record the impacts of urbanization and hydrology on C and N transformation processes in the rivers, further improving knowledge on the C and N cycling processes in highly urbanized river ecosystems.

关键词： Quantitative precipitation forecasts   Ensemble forecasts   Hydrology & hydraulics modeling   Urban flash flooding   Data analysis  

摘要： As the world becomes more urbanized and heavy precipitation events increase in frequency and intensity, urban (pluvial) flooding is an emerging concern. Recent advances in hydrologic and hydraulic modeling, high resolution quantitative precipitation forecasting, and ensemble forecasting have improved the ability to evaluate flash flooding potential in urban areas. The Probabilistic Urban Flash Flood Information Nexis (PUFFIN) app integrates these components into a tool to evaluate the probability of an urban flash flood event and to identify specific infrastructure components at risk. PUFFIN uses a combination of deterministic and probabilistic precipitation forecasts to provide analyses over a range of spatial and temporal resolutions. A case study for the City of Roanoke, Virginia in the United States demonstrates how PUFFIN can be used to assess the risk of urban flooding. However, with minimal modification, the application can be adapted for implementation in other locations.

关键词： Land use and land cover (LULC)   Land development intensity (LDI)   Hydrological cycle   Sekondi-Takoradi metropolitan area   Flooding   Groundwater  

摘要： Ghana's oil city-the Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolis-has rapidly urbanized over the past three decades. Combined with the effects of climate change, changes in land use and cover (LULC) threaten the hydrological cycle of the metropolis. It is, therefore, prudent to examine how the LULC change over time has impacted its watershed and the potential threats that such changes pose. This paper's objective was to investigate and discuss the potential impacts of land development intensity (LDI) on the local hydrology of the metropolis, using remote sensing and GIS. Our results revealed interesting dynamics in the LULC changes in the metropolis that may have immensely affected and continued to impact the local hydrological cycle. Of the overall urban expansion in the metropolis, more than 50% occurred within its main watershed, which covers about only 35% of the entire metropolis. Urban expansion within the watershed occurred at the expense of forest and agricultural lands. The continual LDI increase in the watershed has potential significant hydrological consequences in terms of flooding, groundwater subsidence, and saltwater intrusion. To achieve sustainable water management, it is critical that policy decisions recognize and incorporate the potential impacts of LULC changes to limit future impacts.