关键词： Conceptual framework   Big data   Sustainability   Smart cities   Bibliometric analytics   Network analytics  

摘要： Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a systematic literature review on the technological aspects of smart cities and to give insights about current trends, sources of research, contributing authors and countries. It is required to understand technical concepts like information technology, big data analytics, Internet of Things and blockchain needed to implement smart city models successfully. Design/methodology/approach The data were collected from the Scopus database, and analysis techniques like bibliometric analysis, network analysis and content analysis were used to obtain research trends, publications growth, top contributing authors and nations in the domain of smart cities. Also, these analytical techniques identified various fields within the literature on smart cities and supported to design a conceptual framework for Industry 4.0 adoption in a smart city. Findings The bibliometric analysis shows that research publications have increased significantly over the last couple of years. It has found that developing countries like China is leading the research on smart cities. The network analytics and article classification identified six domains within the literature on smart cities. A conceptual framework for the smart city has proposed for the successful implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies. Originality/value This paper explores the role of Industry 4.0 technologies in smart cities. The bibliometric data on publications from the year 2013 to 2018 were used and investigated by using advanced analytical techniques. The paper reviewS key technical concepts for the successful execution of a smart city model. It also gives an idea about various technical considerations required for the implementation of the smart city model through a conceptual framework.

关键词： Freshwater   Plastic pollution   Polymer   Surface water   Microplastic color   Microplastic size  

摘要： Microplastic (MP) pollution represents a novel environmental pressure acting on freshwater ecosystems. Improving our understanding of the dynamics of MP pollution in freshwater ecosystems is therefore a prerequisite for managing and limiting this pollution. In this study, we quantified the spatial and temporal variability of MP (size range 700 mu m - 5 mm) pollution in surface water in 14 sites located across the Garonne river catchment (Southwestern France, 6 in the main river and 8 tributaries). MP concentration averaged 0.15 particles.m(-3) (+/- 0.46 SD) and strongly varied both in space and in time. We found that the spatial variation in MP concentration was driven by urbanization and that the temporal variation in MP concentration and MP size was driven by hydrological conditions, with higher concentrations and smaller particles sizes in warm seasons with low discharge. Polyethylene (44.5%), polystyrene (30.1%) and polypropylene (182%) were the main polymers and their proportion did not vary significantly across sampled sites. Particle color was associated with polymer type, with a high proportion of white particles in polystyrene. We also found a significant and negative relationship between MP size and the distance to the source in sites located in the main stream. MP pollution across watershed, from headwater tributaries to lowland rivers, is dynamic, and further studies are needed to improve the resolution of our knowledge of spatial and temporal patterns of MP pollution in freshwater ecosystems. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Smart city   Smartness   Sustainability   Urban ecosystem   Viability  

摘要： Cities struggle to enhance their sustainability by fostering their smartness, i.e. their ability to use advanced technologies and resources in an intelligent and integrated way to achieve a socially and environmentally viable economic growth. The transition towards urban ecosystems has been proposed as a practical solution to merge smartness and sustainability in the smart city discourse. However, little is known about the recipe for implementing and organizing a sustainable smart urban ecosystem. The bibliometric analysis and interpretive narrative review presented in this article found some contrasting perspectives on the approaches that should be embraced to run a viable smart urban ecosystem, shedding light into the manifold attributes of sustainable urban smartness. The research findings suggest that the viability of smart urban ecosystems relies on the ability of focal actors to implement a technobureaucratic governance model which relies on an integrated policy framework that accounts for the tripartite social, economic, and environmental challenges faced by cities. Citizen-centredness and greenness are the core values that embed urban smartness. Such values are useless if not backed by community engagement. Further developments should be targeted to unravel the role of datification and computerization in underpinning the collective intelligence of smart cities for the purpose of urban sustainability. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sharing city   Social practices   Systematic literature review   Sharing economy   Co-creation   Sustainability  

摘要： The Sharing City is a concept that has emerged in recent years as a new notion for urban development. The Sharing City shares common discursive ground with the Sharing Economy, which is now in vogue. However, the sharing city adopts a clear human centric focus which differentiates it from other city labels or the more economic, commercial focus of previous literature on the sharing economy. The concept of the sharing city focuses, to a great extent, on how people interact with each other in order to share resources, spaces, infrastructures experiences etc within the city. Sharing city projects emphasize citizen and community participation and promote values such as social justice, well-being and sustainability. But also, by engaging in sharing practices, actors transform the city. This study analyses for first time the academic landscape of the sharing city and its social practices using a systematic literature review methodology. It is based on a systematic search of the literature in the WOS and Scopus databases resulting in the review of 80 peer-reviewed papers. Our systematic literature review shows how previous literature in this field has evolved over time. Also, it focuses on the social practices linked to the sharing city and presents in what contexts sharing in the city is taking place, what actors have led the initiatives, what disciplines have studied the sharing city and what objectives the sharing city sets. Then, gaps and future research lines are discussed. Although the sharing city has been studied mainly by certain specific disciplines, it is a concept with a multidisciplinary nature that invites new approaches and focusses. Also, implications for practitioners are suggested. (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： 文学   中国文学  

关键词： City label   Sustainable development   Cities   Bibliometrics   Sustainable city   Smart city  

摘要： SDG 11 -'making cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable' -draws attention to the criticality of urban governance in the quest for sustainable development. Reflecting this, diverse city labels, such as 'sustainable city' and 'smart city', have been mobilized by urban actors and scholars to consider cities' responses to various challenges of urban transformation. Consequently, this study interrogates: (1) the growing use of city labels in the scientific literature over three decades;(2) the conceptual dimensions of individual city labels and their mutual interdependencies;and (3) likely future trajectories. This is accomplished through a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of 35 city labels: we examine their (co-)occurrences during 1990-2019 based on 11337 articles harvested in Scopus;analyse their conceptual associations drawing on a corpus of 22820 author keywords;and make a future forecast based on logistic growth modelling (the underlying datasets are available through open access). The findings significantly take forward recent bibliometric research by demonstrating: the rapid growth in scientific outputs;the diversification of city labels beyond 'smart' and 'sustainable';and the evolution of an intricate conceptual field made up of different constellations of city labels. The findings have implications for urban policy and practice: regarding ongoing concerns about how to achieve synergies, rather than trade-offs, between SDGs, the conceptual field points to possible ways for relating SDG 11 to other dimensions of sustainable development. More broadly, the clarification of individual city labels' conceptual underpinnings should help policymakers and practitioners make considered choices when mobilizing city labels in support of urban transformation efforts. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： 城市文学   《世纪末的华丽》   朱天文   时尚   感官  

摘要： 作为台湾新生代都市文学的代表人物,朱天文在其作品《世纪末的华丽》中,以感官体验为切入点和纽带,将城市空间与主人公米亚的生命体验融为一体,以人的感官体验跟随城市的地理维度的流动,实现了人类生活体验与城市空间的双向互动。作为现代都市重要的元素的时尚,以其变化的特质,契合着感官体验的特点。在敏锐的视觉和嗅觉感知之下,色彩、图像和气味构筑出了一幅感官地图,塑造了台湾都市时尚景观。以感官书写为视角,探索了感官对于个体生命体验和城市空间的互动,并且从"流动的现代性"进一步挖掘了文本的时尚元素和时尚对于后现代物化消费社会的意义,揭示出作品另一层独特的文学审美维度,从现实意义上丰富了都市文学的研究内涵。

关键词： 第一次工业革命   万国博览会   《雾都孤儿》   水晶宫   国际博览会   蒸汽机   狄更斯   印刷机  

摘要： 1851年5月1日,伦敦海德公园一座巨大的玻璃建筑外,一声礼炮响起,万国博览会拉开了帷幕。这场世界上最早的大型国际博览会,本身就带有炫耀实力的目的。钢铁与玻璃组合而成的水晶宫向世人昭示着英国第一次工业革命激发的强大产能,印刷机、蒸汽机、火车头是最直观的体现,2.5万名参观者在水晶宫中挤挤挨挨,无不想一睹"机器"这个时髦东西的风采。来自全球各地的1.3万件展品参加了这次博览会,其中相当一部分是英国及其殖民地所有,世界上最大的钻石、重达186克拉"光明之山"也在参展之列。

关键词： 威廉·莎士比亚   查尔斯·狄更斯   弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫   莎士比亚戏剧   柯南·道尔   丹尼尔·笛福   克里斯托弗·马洛   夏洛克·福尔摩斯  

摘要： 故事的发生地 许多著名作家,如威廉·莎士比亚、查尔斯·狄更斯、阿瑟·柯南·道尔、丹尼尔·笛福、克里斯托弗·马洛、弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫等,都曾将这座宏伟而历史悠久的城市作为故事的发生地.从上演莎士比亚戏剧的众多剧院到描写夏洛克·福尔摩斯调查案件的大街小巷,伦敦被认为是世界上最重要的文学旅行目的地之一.