关键词： 城市文学   区域感   东北视角   《烟火漫卷》  

摘要： 在传统城市观的认识中,哈尔滨是东北的一个城市,有关它的城市书写主要从一时一地出发,所体现出的独特性不过是关于东北已有知识的一个注脚,缺乏解释城市历史的能力。《烟火漫卷》以东北为视角,审视哈尔滨的变迁,不但突破了现代性的判断标准,还走出了历史与现实关系的盲区,显示出哈尔滨在东北欧亚的召唤结构。这一结构深化了宗教、习俗、族群之间的联动,拓宽了城市物质遗产和精神遗产的边界,有助于重新理解东北的超地域性特征。区域感在城市文学中的显形,结束了以往封闭的、孤立的、内部的惯性模式,是全球化时代对文学发展的要求,同时,也是文学表达对全球主义的复杂理解。

关键词： 萧乾   小说创作   北京空间   文学想象  

摘要： 萧乾以北京城作为重要地理背景,在其小说的时空叙事中,以记忆中的时间序列和城市空间转向,绘制出个人与京城互动、往返的双向图式。其主要表现为在城乡过渡的现实物理空间中,萧乾以边缘性的身份构筑了城与人内在审美的诗意空间;基于城市日常生活的生命体验,他逐步进入了京城的公共文化空间,并在其文化实践和文学创作中彰显出城市主体性的地位;循着中国社会革命的渐进,萧乾以旅人“乡愁”的现代表达形式,促动着民族国家共同体的统一形成,并以此为据点使其小说中的对北京空间的个体经验,实现向现代民族国家构想的转型。

关键词： 邱华栋   文艺出版社   90年代以来   多面手   版本  

摘要： 邱华栋是当代文坛上屈指可数的劳模和多面手。2018年,江苏凤凰文艺出版社推出了38册,合计900万字的《邱华栋文集》,其中并不包括同年由北大出版社出版的他与张青松合著的《金瓶梅版本图鉴》。而2020年他又相继出版了《北京传》,以及与陈守志合著的《红楼梦版本图说》等。

关键词： Urban floods   TVGM_Urban model   Horton infiltration model   SCSCN model   Land cover  

摘要： Rapid urbanization has great potential to adversely impact the local hydrological cycle, the environment, and ecosystems, as well as trigger severe problems, such as urban flooding, waterlogging, and water contamination. Understanding runoff generation mechanisms in urban areas helps identify the impacts of urbanization on runoff response and better simulate urban floods. However, in most urban hydrological models, urban surfaces are coarsely classified into impervious and pervious ones, which likely ignores differential rainfall-runoff responses of different urban surfaces and leads to large discrepancies between simulated and observed runoff. Here we developed the TVGM_Urban model, a new urban hydrological model based on the time variant gain model (TVGM), that represents nonlinear rainfall-runoff relationships for different urban surfaces. We applied the model to the Fenghuangcheng region of Shenzhen City, China and compared the results to those of two commonly used urban hydrological models: the Horton infiltration and Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCSCN) model. For each of these models, we conducted model uncertainty analysis using the GLUE method. The results showed that the TVGM_Urban model outperformed the other two models in terms of total runoff and peak flow. This could be due to the consideration of different land covers and both saturation excess and infiltration excess runoff generation in the TVGM_Urban model. In addition, the uncertainty analysis indicated better performance of the TVGM_Urban model in reducing structural uncertainty and prediction uncertainty. This study highlights the need to account for detailed land covers and different runoff generation mechanisms in urban hydrological modeling.

关键词： constructed wetlands   nitrogen removal   contaminants of emerging concern   pesticides   antibiotics   non-point source pollution  

摘要： Wetland treatment systems are used extensively across the world to mitigate surface runoff. While wetland treatment for nitrogen mitigation has been comprehensively reviewed, the implications of common-use pesticides and antibiotics on nitrogen reduction remain relatively unreviewed. Therefore, this review seeks to comprehensively assess the removal of commonly used pesticides and antibiotics and their implications for nitrogen removal in wetland treatment systems receiving non-point source runoff from urban and agricultural landscapes. A total of 181 primary studies were identified spanning 37 countries. Most of the reviewed publications studied pesticides (n = 153) entering wetlands systems, while antibiotics (n = 29) had fewer publications. Even fewer publications reviewed the impact of influent mixtures on nitrogen removal processes in wetlands (n = 16). Removal efficiencies for antibiotics (35-100%), pesticides (-619-100%), and nitrate-nitrogen (-113-100%) varied widely across the studies, with pesticides and antibiotics impacting microbial communities, the presence and type of vegetation, timing, and hydrology in wetland ecosystems. However, implications for the nitrogen cycle were dependent on the specific emerging contaminant present. A significant knowledge gap remains in how wetland treatment systems are used to treat non-point source mixtures that contain nutrients, pesticides, and antibiotics, resulting in an unknown regarding nitrogen removal efficiency as runoff contaminant mixtures evolve.

摘要： Despite evidence acknowledging disadvantages in care provided to older adults in rural nursing homes (NHs) in the United States, since 2010, no literature review has focused on differences in care provided in urban versus rural NHs. In the current study, we examined these differences by searching U.S. English-language peer-reviewed articles published after 2010 on differences in care quality in urban and rural NHs. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for quality appraisal. We conducted full-text abstraction of 56 (of 286) articles, identifying 10 relevant studies. Metric specification of urban/rural location varied, and care quality measures were wide-ranging, making it difficult to interpret evidence. Limited evidence supported that rural NHs, compared to urban NHs, provided sparse mental health support and limited access to hospice care after controlling for facility and resident characteristics. Our review highlights the need for more research examining differences in quality of care between urban and rural NHs and raises several issues in current research examining urban/rural NH differences where future work is needed.

关键词： 都市民俗   上海   文学书写   女性作家  

摘要： 都市民俗是在都市环境中蕴育形成的物质民俗、社会民俗、精神民俗及语言民俗等.在20世纪华洋杂处的上海,都市民俗形成了其特有的兼容并蓄的特点.对上海都市民俗的文学书写经历了20世纪30年代新感觉派的"异质民俗"书写、40年代新市民作家的"日常民俗"书写,以及80、90年代当代作家的"民俗寻根"书写等阶段,从而建构起了一条跨越时空的都市民俗文学书写的独特的风景线.都市民俗的文学创作承传也积淀着作家个人的文化情结与国家民族的文化记忆,具有文学史的意义与价值.

关键词： 文学绘图   解辖域化   游牧者   他者空间  

摘要： 在奇幻儿童文学《黑暗物质三部曲》及其衍生本《莱拉的牛津》中,菲利普·普尔曼通过绘制虚构地图以表征其意识形态性。文章运用文学绘图理论,对作品中牛津这一城市空间的意识形态性进行探析。通过ArcGIS软件绘制出主人公冒险轨迹,发现普尔曼指派主人公莱拉以游牧者的身份游走于牛津城市中心与边缘区域之间,实现了牛津空间的解辖域化。普尔曼颠覆了集贵族阶级、文明教化中心、西方中心等多重符号为一体的牛津城与牛津外围、异位区域和东方等他者空间位置,解构了贵族阶级与工人阶级、教化中心与野蛮区域,以及西方与东方这三组二元对立模式。

关键词： Data mining   knowledge discovery   solid waste management   digital transformation   sustainability  

摘要： The processes related to solid waste management (SWM) are being revised as new technologies emerge and are applied in the area to achieve greater environmental, social and economic sustainability for society. To achieve our goal, two robust review protocols (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Context (PICOC) and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)) were used to systematically analyze 62 documents extracted from the Web of Science database to identify the main techniques and tools for Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) and Data Mining (DM) as applied to SWM and explore the technological potential to optimize the stages of collecting and transporting waste. Moreover, it was possible to analyze the main challenges and opportunities of KDD and DM for SWM. The results show that the most used tools for SWM are MATLAB (29.7%) and GIS (13.5%), whereas the most used techniques are Artificial Neural Networks (35.8%), Linear Regression (16.0%) and Support Vector Machine (12.3%). In addition, 15.3% of the studies were conducted with data from China, 11.1% from India and 9.7% of the studies analyzed and compared data from several other countries. Furthermore, the research showed that the main challenges in the field of study are related to the collection and treatment of data, whereas the opportunities appear to be linked mainly to the impact on the pillars of sustainable development. Thus, this study portrays important issues associated with the use of KDD and DM for optimal SWM and has the potential to assist and direct researchers and field professionals in future studies.

关键词： Smart city   Sustainable city   Content analysis   Japan   Sweden   International comparison  

摘要： Smart cities continue to be conceived and implemented around the world as literature documenting these trends grows at a similar pace. Practices focused on narrow techno-economic objectives have met with sharp criticism as scholars have called for human-centred smart cities that explicitly address social issues and the needs of residents. Yet, literature has made few attempts to systematically compare a representative sample of smart city practices and discussions using objective methods that combine quantitative and qualitative approaches. This study thus focuses on Sweden and Japan as two nations particularly active in the implementation and discussion of smart cities. To compare the state of discussions and practices in each country, we examine a sample of almost 2,000 academic studies published since 2010. Using co-occurrence network analysis (a type of content analysis), we objectively identify the thematic foci of discourse and practices in each country. We then explore the themes characterising each country's network with qualitative descriptions from the sampled literature. Our analysis reveals unique trends in both countries related to the conceptual framing of smart cities, participation of local government and citizens, and differing interpretations of vulnerability to hazards. Overall, combined findings from both countries reveal that technology-focused discussions are dominating over social topics, such as human capital, stakeholder participation, governance, social equity and so forth. The absence of socially oriented research is more pronounced, however, in Japan. These findings provide important cues for future smart city research, policy and practice.