关键词： Internet of Things   Systematic literature review   Smart city   Security   Blockchain   Wireless sensor network  

摘要： Purpose Security is the most important issue in Internet of Things (IoT)-based smart cities and blockchain (BC). So, the present paper aims to detect and organize the literature regarding security in the IoT-based smart cities and BC context. It also proposes an agenda for future research. Therefore, the authors did a statistical review of security in IoT and BC in smart cities. The present investigation aims to determine the principal challenges and disturbances in IoT because of the BC adoption, the central BC applications in IoT-based smart cities and the BC future in IoT-based smart cities. Design/methodology/approach IoT) has a notable influence on modernizing and transforming the society and industry for knowledge digitizing. Therefore, it may be perceived and operated in real time. The IoT is undergoing exponential development in industry and investigation. Still, it contains some security and privacy susceptibilities. Naturally, the research community pays attention to the security and privacy of the IoT. Also, the academic community has put a significant focus on BC as a new security project. In the present paper, the significant mechanisms and investigations in BC ground have been checked out systematically because of the significance of security in the IoT and BC in smart cities. Electronic databases were used to search for keywords. Totally, based on different filters, 131 papers have been gained, and 17 related articles have been obtained and analyzed. The security mechanisms of BC in IoT-based smart cities have been ranked into three main categories as follows, smart health care, smart home and smart agriculture. Findings The findings showed that BC's distinctive technical aspects might impressively find a solution for privacy and security problems encountering the IoT-based smart cities development. They also supply distributed storage, transparency, trust and other IoT support to form a valid, impressive and secure distributed IoT network and provide

摘要： 街道作为勾连城市不同区域与各项城市活动的通道，是城市中的主要公共区域，也是一个城市最重要的“器官”之一。街道仿佛是一座城市躯干中的动脉，几乎每时每刻都在与人流接触，为一段时间内各种各样人物的相遇"故事的发生提供可能性与展示空间。

关键词： 城市话语   文学发展   核心   文化表现  

摘要： 在文学研究的多维空间中，城市话语是一个独特的角度，以话语权为核心的城市话语体系建构是适应文学发展的一种趋势，为辨析文学话语，解读文学作品提供新的参照。本文从中国城市话语体系的建构核心、文化表现、意象、空间认识等因素理解城市话语在文学中的意义，形成文学认识的新角度。

关键词： 新时期   城市文学   “现代性”  

摘要： 在进入新时期以后，城市文学这个概念的内涵在不断变化，所以出现了城市文学概念难以断定的问题。为了更加准确、有效的对城市文学这个概念进行界定，利用小说创作与批评、理论相结合的方法做系统的梳理，并对城市文学的内在规定性——“现代性”内涵的变迁等进行掌握，同时讨论“现代性”变化的具体原因，这对于更加准确的理解和概括城市文学有突出的现实价值。

关键词： 日本文学   “成都”都市景观   观看   风景美学  

摘要： 日本文人对“成都”都市景观的跨文化“观看”与书写主要聚焦在成都自然景观、成都人文景观和成都风物景观三个方面,是巴蜀文化在日本传播及影响的有力明证。其中,日本文人对成都自然景观的书写首先关注的焦点是作为千年古都的蜀都/成都的“气派”“安逸”,同时还有成都之“第一乐园”望江楼、“蜀都最繁华”之东大街、“坚固精致”之九眼桥和安顺桥以及被誉为日本“鸭川”之锦江。成都人文景观资源丰富,而吸引日本文人并令其赞叹不已的则主要是“锦官城外柏森森”的武侯祠、“水光竹影城西路”的杜甫草堂、“宫中的第一杰作”青羊宫、“神圣”的文庙、“日本见不到”的惜字塔等人文景观。对成都风物景观的书写多集中于被赞为“华人的俱乐部”的成都茶馆、蜀都的交通工具轿子和花干儿、昙花一现的东洋车和马车以及展现蜀人之雅趣的花市等等。对日本文学中的“成都”都市景观书写进行美学层面的理论烛照,可知其具有地域化、景观化、文化化、多元化、奇异化、他者化等特质。

关键词： 部落与都市   徘徊   新西兰文学   族裔身份  

摘要： 以当代新西兰文坛著名的珍妮特·弗雷姆、威提·依希马埃拉、帕特里夏·格雷斯及埃莉诺·卡顿四位文学家的代表作《雷恩伯德一家》《鲸骑士》《堂姐妹》《发光体》为研析文本,将时间线贯穿了20世纪70年代、90年代及21世纪出版的新西兰文学作品,探寻其中的族裔身份,在从部落到都市的变迁中,经历了在失落中成长的过程,展现了新西兰文学家对于少数族裔生存在新西兰这个双主流文化国度的既独立又融入的美好期望。

关键词： 古代文学   城市   当代形象   地域文化  

摘要： 城市当代形象中重要的就是城市精神的核心,基于城市在历史发展进程当中所展现的核心意涵所在,能够凸显出一个城市的人文精神,一个城市的社会历史进程不仅仅在于现代化的城市形象,同时其中需要展现出丰厚的历史文化资源.作为中华传统文化当中的分支,城市的古代文学资源同样也是塑造城市形象的关键组成要素,因此本文将结合安徽滁州市的古代文学资源,研究其当代城市形象构建,进而凝聚出具有独特文化内涵的城市符号,促进滁州市人民在现代化发展进程中深刻传承古代优秀传统文学.

关键词： allotment garden   community garden   fruit and vegetables   physical activity   well-being  

摘要： Context: Collective gardens are increasingly considered a tool to promote health and well-being. Objective: In this systematic review, we critically appraise quantitative studies exploring the potential health benefits of urban collective garden participation. Data Sources: Articles published between January 2000 and August 2020 were used. Data Extraction: All original research studies reporting at least 1 health outcomes associated with urban collective gardening in free-living adults from Western and other high-income countries were included. Of 1261 articles identified, 15 were included in the systematic review. Methodological quality was assessed by applying the criteria of the Quantitative Study Quality Assessment Tool. Analysis: A wide range of health indicators was used. Collective gardening was associated with higher fruit and vegetable consumption than was nongardening. Mixed results were found for physical activity and physiological health. A positive association was found in most studies with mental health and social health. However, the vast majority of included studies were cross-sectional and presented selection bias (n = 13 of 15 for both) and very few used objective measurement methods (n = 3 of 15). Conclusions: Longitudinal studies allowing the exploration of causal relationships are needed before the health benefits of collective garden participation suggested by existing studies can be confirmed.

关键词： Urban road   Systematic literature review   Q-method   Future mobility   Transport futures  

摘要： In an era of complexity, rapid technological advance and need for climate change action, urban roads may need to transform. The aim of this research is to identify the concepts underpinning the fundamental dimensions of the future urban road and open up an interdisciplinary dialogue about its delivery. We used a combinatorial approach incorporating a Systematic Literature Review to a Q-method. The Systematic Literature Review identifies 28 transforming concepts and organises them into five categories, namely: efficiency, safety, liveability, accessibility, and smart technology. Through a Q-method study, 50 transport experts "described" the urban road of the future. Four main factors emerged classifying the experts into: People-First Techno-Centrists (smart technology used as an enabler of human-centric transport futures), Autonomous Vehicles Sceptics, (AVs should not be the key paradigm-changer) Unconventionalists (shared road space and mixed uses should prevail) and Infrastructurists (safety-first multimodal infrastructure interventions should lead any change). The main dilemmas that arise are: a) prioritisation of modes: human first or not? b) share or segregate? and c) design systems or roads?

关键词： Climate change   Micro-climate modeling   Urban Canopy Modeling (UCM)   Urban climate   Urban hydrology  

摘要： Urban climate models can predict the environmental impacts of urban development by simulating the exchange processes between the atmosphere and urban surfaces. A comprehensive simulation of urban climate requires adequate representation of the exchanges of momentum, heat, and water between the atmosphere and the impervious, vegetated, or soil surfaces. This study presents the inclusion of hydrological processes in a computationally-efficient urban micro-climate model, the Vertical City Weather Generator (VCWG v2.0.0). VCWG v2.0.0 accounts for not only the interaction between indoor and outdoor environments through parameterizations including building energy, surface energy balance, radiation, and vertical diffusion models, but also the biophysical and ecophysiological behavior of urban vegetation via an advanced hydrology model. VCWG v2.0.0 is evaluated against field measurements from Basel, Switzerland, in 2002, and Vancouver, Canada, in 2008. The model outperforms the previous version by reducing the RMSE of potential temperature, wind speed, and specific humidity by 0.5 K, 0.52 m s-1, and 0.001 kg kg-1, respectively. Inclusion of the hydrology model also improves prediction of sensible/latent heat fluxes with RMSE of 18.1/27.7 W m-2 for the Vancouver case. VCWG v2.0.0 is further assessed by explorations related to seasonal variations, modification of ground vegetation, green and cool roofs, and changes in the Local Climate Zone (LCZ), which are all in reasonable agreement with models and observations in previous studies. VCWG v2.0.0 can be used as a design, prediction, or investigation tool to understand how urban climate variables are influenced as a function of forcing environmental conditions and urban configurations.