关键词： Approximation errors   error bound   forward error analysis   backward error analysis   Euler equation residuals   upper error bound   lower error bound   accuracy   numerical solution   approximate solution   new Keynesian model  

摘要： We propose a novel methodology for evaluating the accuracy of numerical solutions to dynamic economic models. It consists in constructing a lower bound on the size of approximation errors. A small lower bound on errors is a necessary condition for accuracy: If a lower error bound is unacceptably large, then the actual approximation errors are even larger, and hence, the approximation is inaccurate. Our lower-bound error analysis is complementary to the conventional upper-error (worst-case) bound analysis, which provides a sufficient condition for accuracy. As an illustration of our methodology, we assess approximation in the first- and second-order perturbation solutions for two stylized models: a neoclassical growth model and a new Keynesian model. The errors are small for the former model but unacceptably large for the latter model under some empirically relevant parameterizations.

关键词： aquaculture   bioeconomic model   management   marine protected areas   wild fishery  

摘要： The rapid growth of aquaculture affects wild fisheries in several ways. We present a bioeconomic model of the interaction between a commercial wild fishery and capturebased aquaculture that depends on harvest of wild juveniles. We assume that aquaculture reduces the intrinsic growth rate of the wild fish stock due to wild caught juveniles used as seeds, influencing wild stock size and commercial harvest. This may increase the economic conflicts between fishers and farmers. Introducing a marine protected area is expected to reduce these conflicts. The model considers both open access and economically optimal management regimes outside the marine protected area using numerical simulation. The numerical results show that a marine protected area of a certain size may increase economic benefits of both fishers and farmers in the case of optimal management, and enhance wild catch outside the reserve when there is open access.

关键词： 结构调整   联立方程   指标预测   电力规划  

摘要： 随着中国经济由高速发展逐步进入中高速发展,合理转变经济增长方式、调整产业结构成为经济发展的热点。电力是国民经济的重要基础产业与先行产业之一,合理、准确规划电力发展对于电力公司、统计部门的工作有着重要意义。本文在国网浙江省电力公司的基础上,结合浙江省电力与经济的历史情况,参考浙江省"十三五"规划,建立了电力与经济的联立方程模型,对浙江省"十三五"时期的主要经济指标和主要电力指标进行预测,预测数据可供浙江省政府相关机构和浙江省电力公司"十三五"规划参考。

关键词： 生产消费者   互联网农业   分享经济模式  

摘要： 构建分散小农户合作化联合,碎片化消费者社群化聚合,消费者充分参与生产端消费体验并与生产者融合为Prosumer的互联网农业共享经济模型.研究表明,消费者社群化聚合,生产者合作化联合,消费者与生产者融合为生产消费者是互联网农业分享经济有效实现形式,可促进供应链信息对称,产销对接和交易成本降低,提升农产品质量安全水平和消费者对国内农产品质量安全的信心."土地托管","乡村货的"和"俺家特供"是当前我国农业分享经济在生产,流通和消费端出现的典型案例,它们的融合发展必将成为我国互联网农业分享经济发展的主要方向.

关键词： 风电   电动汽车   Weibull分布   蒙特卡罗模拟  

摘要： 建立了风电与电动汽车协同并网环境及经济优化调度模型.采用Weibull分布模拟风速进而得出风电出力,用蒙特卡罗模拟法模拟出定量电动汽车不同V2G模式下的充放电功率.调度风电与电动汽车协同入网,车主响应系统调度并满足与风电、负荷时空互补性,最大程度地消纳风电、减小负荷曲线的波动.以火电机组的运行成本和SO_2排放量最小化为目标,应用改进粒子群多目标优化算法求解模型,在Matlab环境下仿真分析比较电动汽车不同V2G模式和入网数量对机组优化结果的影响.

关键词： 混沌同步   分数阶系统   经济系统  

摘要： 基于终端滑模控制研究分数阶经济系统的同步问题,根据分数阶微积分的相关理论给出系统取得同步的充分性条件.结果表明,选取适当的控制律和滑模面,分数阶经济系统可取得终端滑模控制混沌同步.

关键词： 成本变化   供求   数学模型   构建  

摘要： 目前,随着我国经济实力和科技实力的不断增强,居民的生活水平和购买力也在不断提高,各种电子产品、智能产品已经成为人们生活和工作中的重要组成部分。但由于不同时间段内不同因素的综合作用,电子产品的供给和需求也在不断地发生变化,导致其生产成本也随之产生了相应的变动。基于此,通过数学经济模型的构建来分析成本随供求变化的主要原因和变动趋势。

关键词： 网格环境   计算机   经济模型  

摘要： 网格计算能够将经济模型中的典型角色及其之间的交互抽象到网格环境中,为经济模型的研究与探索提供便利,有利于更好突出经济模型的特点。在对网格计算加以概述的基础上,分析了网格计算在经济模型探索中的优势,并探讨了在计算机网格环境下的不同经济模型,希望能够为相关领域在经济模型的探索方面提供有效的参考。

关键词： Ecological condition   Tourism   Beach recreation   Resilience   Carrying capacity   Sustainable tourism  

摘要： While the development of the tourism industry can bring economic benefits to an area, it is important to consider the long-run impact of the industry on a given location. Particularly when the tourism industry relies upon a certain ecological state, those weighing different development options need to consider the long-run impacts of increased tourist numbers upon measures of ecological condition. This paper presents one approach for linking a model of recreational visitor behavior with an ecological model that estimates the impact of the increased visitors upon the environment. Two simulations were run for the model using initial parameters available from survey data and water quality data for beach locations in Croatia. Results suggest that the resilience of a given tourist location to the changes brought by increasing tourism numbers is important in determining its long-run sustainability. Further work should investigate additional model components, including the tourism industry, refinement of the relationships assumed by the model, and application of the proposed model in additional areas. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.