关键词： Social balance theory   Social networks   Ising model   Social temperature   Markov chain Monte Carlo   Maximum likelihood estimator  

摘要： We propose a dynamic economic model of networks where agents can be friends or enemies with one another. This is a decentralized relationship model in that agents decide whether to change their relationships so as to minimize their imbalanced triads. In this model, there is a single parameter, which we call social temperature, that captures the degree to which agents care about social balance in their relationships. We show that the global structure of relationship configuration converges to a unique stationary distribution. Using this stationary distribution, we characterize the maximum likelihood estimator of the social temperature parameter. Since the estimator is computationally challenging to calculate from real social network datasets, we provide a simple simulation algorithm and verify its performance with real social network datasets. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 粮食生产   农业化肥施用量   粮食播种面积   成灾面积   农业机械总动力   农业劳动力   OLS  

摘要： 农业是国民经济发展的基础,粮食是人类最基本的生活消费品,国家的粮食问题关系到国计民生。本文依据粮食产量现状,选取1983—2014年32年的数据,运用线性回归方法建立了影响粮食产量的计量经济模型,并借助Eviews软件对模型进行OLS等分析检验。结果表明,影响粮食生产的三大因素是粮食播种面积、农业化肥施用量、成灾面积,其中粮食播种面积的影响力最大。最后,本文提出了高粮食产量必须依靠技术,严格整治国土,合理施用化肥的建议。

关键词： 计量经济模型   面板数据   县级政府   道德风险   支出责任   地方政府   政府间财政关系   分税制财政体制  

摘要： （一）我国政府间财政关系简述。 1994年分税制财政体制改革是我国政府间财政关系的一次重大变革。作为一种新的制度安排,分税制财政体制在运行中表现出了一系列的积极效应。

关键词： 区域经济一体化   经济增长   空间计量经济模型  

摘要： 结合区域经济一体化下地区经济变化的相关数据以及经济地理分析方法,对传统计量模型进行改进,运用所选的数据进行建模分析,构建基于空间计量模型的区域经济一体化下经济增长情况的分析模型,并利用Matlab等软件,实现对模型的求解。借此探讨区域经济一体化在经济增长中发挥的作用以及产生的影响,并且根据模型检验的结果对经济变化情况进行内在分析,揭示了地区经济增长与区域经济一体化发展中的空间关联性、空间差异性以及区域经济一体化影响下的经济增长的变化过程,对于提升国家或地区的经济增长速度和缩小区域经济发展的差距有重要的意义。

关键词： 价值链   绿色创新效率   空间溢出效应   空间计量经济模型  

摘要： 基于价值链视角,运用超效率DEA模型测度2005—2014年中国30个省市工业企业绿色创新的整体及分阶段效率,并采用空间面板模型检验其空间溢出效应。结果表明:企业绿色创新的整体及分阶段效率均不高,区域差异明显;在地理距离权重矩阵下,整体及分阶段效率存在显著的正向溢出效应,而基于社会经济距离的外溢效应并不显著,且科技研发阶段的外溢效应强于成果转化阶段;开放度和产业结构与分阶段效率正相关,知识产权保护对本地区和邻区的科技研发分别产生了负向和正向效应。

关键词： 排土场   含金废石   Whittle软件   经济模型  

摘要： 由于前期矿山基建需要,将部分有经济价值的低品位金矿石临时堆放转存,等到金价上涨再回收利用,是矿山开采经常碰到的问题。通过对紫金山露采原含金废石堆场资源进行了补勘,生成Surpac资源模型,并利用Whittle软件建立经济模型,对堆场回采部位进行优化,在保证安全的前提下以经济利润最优的方式回收含金废石。

摘要： This paper discusses nonparametric estimation of the distribution of random coefficients in a structural model that is nonlinear in the random coefficients. We establish that the problem of recovering the probability density function (pdf) of random parameters falls into the class of convexly-constrained inverse problems. The framework offers an estimation method that separates computational solution of the structural model from estimation. We first discuss nonparametric identification. Then, we propose two alternative estimation procedures to estimate the density and derive their asymptotic properties. Our general framework allows us to deal with unobservable nuisance variables, e.g., measurement error, but also covers the case when there are no such nuisance variables. Finally, Monte Carlo experiments for several structural models are provided which illustrate the performance of our estimation procedure.

关键词： Behavioral economics   Nudges   Peer effects   Self-control   Prospect theory   Framing effect  

摘要： We propose a triple test to evaluate the usefulness of behavioral economics models for public health policy. Test 1 is whether the model provides reasonably new insights. Test 2 is on whether these have been properly applied to policy settings. Test 3 is whether they are corroborated by evidence. We exemplify by considering the cases of social interactions models, self-control models and, in relation to health message framing, prospect theory. Out of these sets of models, only a correctly applied prospect theory fully passes the tests at present. Specifically, in broad agreement with the evidence, a gain frame has positive implications for welfare encourages disease prevention activity, though this does not apply if the perceived probability of the bad health outcome is large enough. We see our tests as being useful to identify how much health policy weight policy makers should assign to specific behavioral economic models;they are also useful to verify what next steps would be most useful in further research.

关键词： Economic model predictive control   Safety   Distributed control   Process control   Nonlinear systems  

摘要： In this work, sequential and iterative distributed economic model predictive control (DEMPC) architectures are developed with constraints based on a metric (termed the Safeness Index) that is indicative of the safeness of operating a process at a given state in state-space. The DEMPC's may have lower computation times than a centralized economic model predictive control (EMPC) design with Safeness Index-based constraints, without significantly limiting closed-loop economic performance, which enhances their practicality and ability to improve process operational safety. Sufficient conditions are derived under which the implementation strategies for the DEMPC's guarantee closed-loop stability. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 农业科研投资   边际收益   时空特征   空间计量经济模型  

摘要： 以边际收益作为表征指标,探讨2002~2014年中国农业科研投资经济效益的时空特征与影响因素。结果表明:中国农业科研投资的经济效益呈缓慢下降趋势;华中、华北、华南和东北区的经济效益较高,而西北区则相对较低;区域农业科研投资经济效益存在空间集聚,但集聚效应呈弱化态势;耕地经营面积、劳动力素质等因素会对农业科研投资经济效益产生不同程度的影响。