关键词： 重庆民用汽车拥有量   计量经济学模型   检验   预测  

摘要： 随着近年来重庆市轨道交通的不断优化、钢铁产量的下降以及与公路建设有关的政策调整,使得人们对重庆市民用汽车拥有量的关注度逐渐提高。通过选取重庆市人均GDP、重庆市钢材产量、趋势变量这几种指标,建立确切而详细合理的计量经济学模型的方法,采用2001-2016年中华人民共和国国家统计局公布的相关数据通过Eviews软件探求重庆市民用汽车拥有量和社会经济指标之间的函数关系,并建立计量经济学模型以及多种检验的具体过程,进而较为确切地对重庆市2017年民用汽车拥有量进行分析与预测。结果表明,重庆市2017年民用汽车拥有量在[4252939辆,5924219辆]区间内,新能源替代钢材的使用对于民用汽车拥有量而言影响最大。

关键词： 社会主义市场经济   中国共产党   图画   经济模型   WTO  

摘要： Back in 1992, when China announced that it would build a socialist market economy, a question was posed to a Chinese delegate： What is a socialist market economy？ I clearly remember this delegate replying that the socialist market economy is a market economy under the leadership of the Communist Party of China （CPC）. Twentysix years have passed since then and we have never changed our position. As for those who speculated that China would change and move onto a different path upon its accession to the WTO, that was just their wishful thinking. There is more than one market economy model in this world.

关键词： 货币政策有效性   微观机制   价格   货币策略   现代宏观经济学   经济现象   经济模型   实证分析  

摘要： 价格黏性属于现代宏观经济学领域中的一个重点问题。通常情况下，对于价格黏性的研究，需要借助更多的经济模型来帮助人们更好地认识与解读经济现象，通过一个微观机制下对价格黏性进行实证分析，从而完成对于经济问题的研究，评估经济政策。当然，价格黏性的微观机制研究也会对货币政策产生影响，赋予货币政策有效性以及前瞻性。

关键词： 期权价格   模型   衍生证券   偏微分方程  

摘要： 研究含期权因素下的经济模型,通过对模型的改进,利用偏微分方程对模型进行求解,得到改进后的Block-Scholes模型定价公式。

关键词： Marriage market   Gender   Adolescent development   Fertility   Dowry  

摘要： To explain female adolescent marriage patterns around the world, we develop a marriage market model with asymmetric information about prospective marriage partners, and a noisy signal about the bride's quality during an engagement. In equilibrium, there is a negative relationship between the age and perceived quality of women on the marriage market and, consistent with available evidence, older brides make higher net marriage payments. The model also implies path dependence in the evolution of adolescent marriage practices over time and persistent effects on marriage practices from transitory shocks. Model simulations show interventions which increase the opportunity cost of early marriage attenuates the association between bride quality and age, triggering a virtuous cycle of marriage postponement. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： circular economy   indicator   negative externality   paper mill effluent   sustainability   technological nutrient   wastewater  

摘要： The optimization of water management in industrial processes is paramount in diminishing or mitigating, as far as possible, the negative externalities generated by its current use within the linear economy model. This research presents methods for the optimization of wastewater from paper mills which are associated with the new sustainability and circular economy model. In this way, the concept of circular economy was applied to the wastewater treatment from a paper mill, with the objective of recovering the resources contained in this type of effluent. The wastewater treatment plant is based on a biological reactor of activated sludge, and treats a flow of 4868 m(3)day(-1). This study proposes the development and evaluation of indicators of circular economy applied to wastewater from a paper mill, as well as the assessment of the removal performance of color, total suspended solids (TSS), biochemical oxygen demand on the fifth day (BOD5), and chemical oxygen demand (COD), which are higher than 96% in all cases. Per 1 m(3) of wastewater from a paper mill, a volume of 0.9 m(3) of potentially reusable water and a recovered sludge mass of 0.7 kg are generated;the latter is reused as a mineral filler during the process itself. In light of this, a multivariable statistical analysis was applied to determine the relationship of the operation variables and indicators of circular economy. In this way, wastewater from the paper mill can be regarded as a technological nutrient, which is partially reintroduced into the production process, enabling the recovery of the water and mineral fillers that it contains.

关键词： 高速铁路   区域经济   DID模型  

摘要： 文章采用双重差分(DID)计量经济模型研究高速铁路的开通对粤桂地区人均GDP、产业结构升级、城乡收入差距和城镇化水平的影响。研究结果表明:高铁的开通可以促进经济增长,提高地区人均GDP水平;高铁的开通对第三产业影响较小,对第二产业的影响大于对第三产业的影响;高铁的开通加速了生产要素在城乡之间的流动,缩小了城乡收入差距;高铁的开通疏散人口从经济发达地区流向经济欠发达地区,使城市布局更均衡合理;高铁的开通对经济的影响因粤桂地区经济发达程度不同而表现出差异。

关键词： human cooperation   altruism behavior   indirect reciprocity   game  

摘要： There has been an urgent challenge for environmental protection due to issues like population increase, climate change, and pollution. To address this challenge, sustained human cooperation is critical. However, how cooperation in human beings evolves is one of the 125 most challenging scientific questions, as announced by Science in its 125th anniversary. In this paper, we contribute to answering this question by building an economic game model based on indirect reciprocity and altruism behavior. In our model, there are three types of participants: cooperator, defector, and discriminator. In every round of the game, the cooperator chooses cooperation, the defector chooses non-cooperation, and the choice of the discriminator depends on the choice of his partner in the last round. Our analysis and main result shows that there is no stable evolution equilibrium in this game, which implies that the proportions of different types of players will keep changing instead of reaching a stable equilibrium. In other words, there is no guarantee that cooperation will be dominant in this game. An implication of this result is that to achieve cooperation and protect the environment more effectively, cooperators and discriminators in our society should be provided with incentives.

关键词： 停车场规模   停车时长   车位数   成本收益比率   熵权系数法  

摘要： 近年来,高铁成为我国交通出行的主要方式之一,配套设施停车场的设计也成为了关注重点。通过停车场车位数设计和计费方式设计来对停车场的经济效益进行评价,成为需要考虑的重要问题。本文希望通过建立模型与数据分析对高铁站停车场规模评价、建立的停车泊位数、停车场投资运营的前期测算和运营管理具有较强的参考意义。