关键词： Game theory   Harmonic elimination   Loss   Pricing   Reliability  

摘要： This paper presents an economical approach for reliability improvement, harmonic mitigation, and loss reduction in microgrids and active distribution networks, including distributed generations (DGs). By controlling the direction of power flow in the network in proportion to the purposeful change in the generation of the DGs, the three mentioned objective can be improved. Purposeful reduction of line currents and releasing part of the capacity of lines and feeders following flow control reduces loss and improves overall network reliability. Further, the targeted use of storage and power electronic converters in renewable DGs can reduce the harmonic distortions of the network. The proposed method is a stochastic approach based on the locational marginal price (LMP) calculation in DG bus as game-theoretic problem, according to the contributions of DGs on aforementioned objectives. In this method, each player acquires a financial incentive as incremental price, based on a gametheoretic sharing strategy. In other words, each DG that aligns its generation with the aforementioned objectives will increase the price of selling energy. This increase in prices will lead to higher profits. The incentives allocation procedure to each DGs is performed based on a cooperative coalition game-theoretic strategy to guarantee the fairness of the proposed method. As a tool for managing system, the proposed method can control the impact of the pricing in the form of incentives to satisfy each objective depending on its decision in the incentive allocation procedure. To obtain a more realistic framework, demands and generations of renewable DGs are considered as the uncertainty parameters. To validate the proposed method, it is evaluated on the real Taiwan Power Company (TPC) network and, the promising results indicate that the total loss decreased 54.4%, harmonic mitigated 12.3% and the reliability is improved by 12.6% without any budget extension, add/remove equipment or network reconf

关键词： New energy vehicle   Industry university research   Social network   Economic model  

摘要： Under the background of economic globalization, market integration, technology cross penetration, industry boundary and enterprise boundary increasingly blurred, the uncertainty of innovation and the limitation of single innovation subject's resource endowment lead to the independent innovation unable to meet the needs of enterprises to obtain sustainable competitive advantage. How to evaluate the industry university research innovation of these industries has become a very necessary research content. According to the social network attribute of the Institute of new energy automobile industry, this paper proposes to analyze and study its innovation network from the perspective of social network. Based on the analysis of the relevant theories and research methods of social network, this paper constructs the evaluation model of the innovation network of the new energy automobile industry, and then validates the model through experiments. The experimental results show that the automobile industry in the north of China has different advantages in the innovation network of the industry, learning and research. The three embeddedness relationships among regions are positively correlated with the production university research network of new energy vehicles, which plays a positive role in promoting the development of innovation network. It is hoped that the research can provide innovation for the industry, learning and research. The development of network provides some reference.

关键词： 共享会计   优势   机遇与挑战   建议对策  

摘要： 随着共享经济的不断深入,共享会计应运而生。传统会计模式下的会计职能、工作方式都有所变化,这些变化所带来的影响无疑给财务行业提供了机遇与挑战。本文将通过与传统会计模式对比,分析共享会计的优势和面临的挑战,最后根据共享会计分析出的存在问题提出建议对策。

关键词： 新冠疫情   宏观政策   经济模型  

摘要： 新冠疫情的爆发给我国经济产生了一系列重大且深远的影响,我国被迫及时出台了相应的宏观经济应对政策措施。在梳理亟需解决的问题的基础上,分析指出了我国为解决相关问题所采取的宏观经济政策,包括货币及财政政策,继而通过建立宏观经济的短期以及长期模型,讨论分析了政策带来的宏观影响宏,最后综合评述了宏观政策有效性问题。

关键词： Internal balance   External balance   Small open economy   Salter Swan diagram   Exchange rate policy   Fiscal policy   Nontradable goods  

摘要： This paper provides microfoundations to the Salter-Swan policy framework, a graphical apparatus designed to ascertain the exchange-rate and fiscal stance of a policymaker with internal and external economic targets. The environment is an infinite-horizon small open economy producing tradable and nontradable goods that takes world prices and world interest rates as given and is populated by optimizing households and firms. The economy is subject to terms of trade, interest rate, and discount factor shocks. The internal target of the government is the unemployment rate and the external target is the current account. Downward nominal wage rigidity and financial frictions serve as the rationale for meaningful policy intervention. (c) 2021 Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Quantitative spatial economics   Location choice models   Spatial equilibrium conditions   Welfare  

摘要： We show that spatial equilibrium conditions in workhorse models of quantitative spatial economics (QSE) can be generated by the McFadden (1974) model together with the condition that the individual choice probability of a region equals the population share of that region. Thus, recent models of QSE and one of the oldest location choice models can rationalize the same change in equilibrium following shocks to economic fundamentals. However, their welfare implications -even conditional on the same change in equilibrium -may differ, depending on the specification of preferences and on the type of shocks we consider.

关键词： 交通基础设施   区域经济   空间溢出效应   空间计量经济模型  

摘要： 以地理学第一定律、万有引力定律与人口流动理论,利用30个省(市)空间关联、经济发展和人口流动数据,构建三种权重矩阵,对比分析公路铁路在不同矩阵下的空间溢出效应,进一步对比分析东中西部地区。结果发现,铁路的溢出效应在不同矩阵下都大于公路,在三大地区比较时发现东部公路的溢出效应最强,而中部铁路的溢出效应最强。本研究拓展了区域交通基础设施溢出效应研究方法,对我国区域交通建设有一定的理论指导意义。

关键词： 港口航运   环境影响   经济模型  

摘要： 航运作业产生的环境影响日益成为一个重要的研究课题,其污染物往往对自然栖息地造成负外部性,给沿海地区带来经济损失。迄今为止,航运灾害,特别是大规模意外溢油事故所造成的生态环境影响成本已得到广泛研究,由于常规航运作业产生的污染物的生态环境影响成本的评估工作相对隐蔽,因此其间接风险的延误仍然很少。因此,提出了一个经济模型,对港口日常航运活动产生的生态环境影响成本进行了评估。通过阐明下一代在可持续航运和港口管理方面的进一步研究提供了一个像样的框架。

关键词： value cocreation   bundling   aggregators   revenue sharing   platforms  

摘要： Many markets feature an economic structure in which value is cocreated by multiple producers and aggregated into a common bundle by a producer-consortium or independent firm. Examples include in-home video entertainment, technology goods and services, multisourced data platforms, and patent pools. This paper develops an economic model to study demand, production choices, revenue sharing, and relative market power in such markets. Producers in these markets are not rivalrous competitors in the usual zero sum sense, because output of each casts an externality on production decisions of others and total market demand expands with total output, albeit with diminishing returns. This property allows multiple producers to flourish in equilibrium (versus just one with the most favorable technological or cost structure), and more so when the market expands less quickly with total output. Equilibrium production quantities of competitors are strategic complements, yet competition between producers does manifest itself, for example, if one acquires better production technology (i.e., makes value units at lower cost) then the equilibrium production levels of other producers are reduced. Insights are also derived for alternative market structures, for example, producers have more output and earn higher profit when organized into a distribution consortium (e.g., Hulu or consortia of zoos or museums) versus relying on a separate retailer. Mergers between producers have similar effect. The formulation enables us to rigorously answer economic questions ranging from pricing, revenue sharing, and production levels in a static setting, to market dynamics covering both the causes and effects of changes in industry structure.